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/*
* Thanks to Vassily Galinsky for this tool
*****************************************************************************
AIRLINK AR525W firmware image structure
-8:-5 Extended (httpd) header checksum - sum2
-4:-1 Extended (httpd) header magic - "ARRN" - 0x4e525241
0: 3 Standard (tftpd) header magic - "GMTK" - 0x4b544d47
4: 7 Standard (tftpd) header checksum - sum1
8: b 0
c: f Size of compressed linux kernel
10:13 Size of firmware image file with standard header
14:17 Product code - 0x5
18:1b Bootloader checksum - sum0
1c:1f 0
20: Compressed linux kernel
- Squashfs or jffs2 file system - kernel dependent - either 32 bytes or sector aligned
*****************************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
typedef unsigned long u32;
typedef unsigned char uchar;
u32 crctab[257] = {
0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xee0e612c, 0x990951ba,
0x076dc419, 0x706af48f, 0xe963a535, 0x9e6495a3,
0x0edb8832, 0x79dcb8a4, 0xe0d5e91e, 0x97d2d988,
0x09b64c2b, 0x7eb17cbd, 0xe7b82d07, 0x90bf1d91,
0x1db71064, 0x6ab020f2, 0xf3b97148, 0x84be41de,
0x1adad47d, 0x6ddde4eb, 0xf4d4b551, 0x83d385c7,
0x136c9856, 0x646ba8c0, 0xfd62f97a, 0x8a65c9ec,
0x14015c4f, 0x63066cd9, 0xfa0f3d63, 0x8d080df5,
0x3b6e20c8, 0x4c69105e, 0xd56041e4, 0xa2677172,
0x3c03e4d1, 0x4b04d447, 0xd20d85fd, 0xa50ab56b,
0x35b5a8fa, 0x42b2986c, 0xdbbbc9d6, 0xacbcf940,
0x32d86ce3, 0x45df5c75, 0xdcd60dcf, 0xabd13d59,
0x26d930ac, 0x51de003a, 0xc8d75180, 0xbfd06116,
0x21b4f4b5, 0x56b3c423, 0xcfba9599, 0xb8bda50f,
0x2802b89e, 0x5f058808, 0xc60cd9b2, 0xb10be924,
0x2f6f7c87, 0x58684c11, 0xc1611dab, 0xb6662d3d,
0x76dc4190, 0x01db7106, 0x98d220bc, 0xefd5102a,
0x71b18589, 0x06b6b51f, 0x9fbfe4a5, 0xe8b8d433,
0x7807c9a2, 0x0f00f934, 0x9609a88e, 0xe10e9818,
0x7f6a0dbb, 0x086d3d2d, 0x91646c97, 0xe6635c01,
0x6b6b51f4, 0x1c6c6162, 0x856530d8, 0xf262004e,
0x6c0695ed, 0x1b01a57b, 0x8208f4c1, 0xf50fc457,
0x65b0d9c6, 0x12b7e950, 0x8bbeb8ea, 0xfcb9887c,
0x62dd1ddf, 0x15da2d49, 0x8cd37cf3, 0xfbd44c65,
0x4db26158, 0x3ab551ce, 0xa3bc0074, 0xd4bb30e2,
0x4adfa541, 0x3dd895d7, 0xa4d1c46d, 0xd3d6f4fb,
0x4369e96a, 0x346ed9fc, 0xad678846, 0xda60b8d0,
0x44042d73, 0x33031de5, 0xaa0a4c5f, 0xdd0d7cc9,
0x5005713c, 0x270241aa, 0xbe0b1010, 0xc90c2086,
0x5768b525, 0x206f85b3, 0xb966d409, 0xce61e49f,
0x5edef90e, 0x29d9c998, 0xb0d09822, 0xc7d7a8b4,
0x59b33d17, 0x2eb40d81, 0xb7bd5c3b, 0xc0ba6cad,
0xedb88320, 0x9abfb3b6, 0x03b6e20c, 0x74b1d29a,
0xead54739, 0x9dd277af, 0x04db2615, 0x73dc1683,
0xe3630b12, 0x94643b84, 0x0d6d6a3e, 0x7a6a5aa8,
0xe40ecf0b, 0x9309ff9d, 0x0a00ae27, 0x7d079eb1,
0xf00f9344, 0x8708a3d2, 0x1e01f268, 0x6906c2fe,
0xf762575d, 0x806567cb, 0x196c3671, 0x6e6b06e7,
0xfed41b76, 0x89d32be0, 0x10da7a5a, 0x67dd4acc,
0xf9b9df6f, 0x8ebeeff9, 0x17b7be43, 0x60b08ed5,
0xd6d6a3e8, 0xa1d1937e, 0x38d8c2c4, 0x4fdff252,
0xd1bb67f1, 0xa6bc5767, 0x3fb506dd, 0x48b2364b,
0xd80d2bda, 0xaf0a1b4c, 0x36034af6, 0x41047a60,
0xdf60efc3, 0xa867df55, 0x316e8eef, 0x4669be79,
0xcb61b38c, 0xbc66831a, 0x256fd2a0, 0x5268e236,
0xcc0c7795, 0xbb0b4703, 0x220216b9, 0x5505262f,
0xc5ba3bbe, 0xb2bd0b28, 0x2bb45a92, 0x5cb36a04,
0xc2d7ffa7, 0xb5d0cf31, 0x2cd99e8b, 0x5bdeae1d,
0x9b64c2b0, 0xec63f226, 0x756aa39c, 0x026d930a,
0x9c0906a9, 0xeb0e363f, 0x72076785, 0x05005713,
0x95bf4a82, 0xe2b87a14, 0x7bb12bae, 0x0cb61b38,
0x92d28e9b, 0xe5d5be0d, 0x7cdcefb7, 0x0bdbdf21,
0x86d3d2d4, 0xf1d4e242, 0x68ddb3f8, 0x1fda836e,
0x81be16cd, 0xf6b9265b, 0x6fb077e1, 0x18b74777,
0x88085ae6, 0xff0f6a70, 0x66063bca, 0x11010b5c,
0x8f659eff, 0xf862ae69, 0x616bffd3, 0x166ccf45,
0xa00ae278, 0xd70dd2ee, 0x4e048354, 0x3903b3c2,
0xa7672661, 0xd06016f7, 0x4969474d, 0x3e6e77db,
0xaed16a4a, 0xd9d65adc, 0x40df0b66, 0x37d83bf0,
0xa9bcae53, 0xdebb9ec5, 0x47b2cf7f, 0x30b5ffe9,
0xbdbdf21c, 0xcabac28a, 0x53b39330, 0x24b4a3a6,
0xbad03605, 0xcdd70693, 0x54de5729, 0x23d967bf,
0xb3667a2e, 0xc4614ab8, 0x5d681b02, 0x2a6f2b94,
0xb40bbe37, 0xc30c8ea1, 0x5a05df1b, 0x2d02ef8d,
0
};
u32 header[] = {
0x00000000, 0x4e525241,
0x4b544d47, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, 0x000afd4a,
0x00000000, 0x00000005, 0x00000000, 0x00000000
};
static int JFFS2 = 0;
int generate_image(char *kname, char *fsname, char *fname, int EHDR)
{
int i;
u32 lenk, lens;
uchar *bk, *bs;
int fkd, ffd, fsd;
fkd = open(kname, O_RDONLY);
ffd = creat(fname, 0x644);
if ((fkd < 0) || (ffd < 0))
return -1;
if (fsname) {
fsd = open(fsname, O_RDONLY);
if (fsd < 0)
return -1;
}
lenk = lseek(fkd, 0, SEEK_END);
header[5] = lenk;
bk = (uchar *) mmap(NULL, lenk, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fkd, 0);
if (bk == MAP_FAILED)
return -1;
if (fsname) {
lens = lseek(fsd, 0, SEEK_END);
bs = (uchar *) mmap(NULL, lens, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fsd,
0);
if (bs == MAP_FAILED)
return -1;
}
if (EHDR)
write(ffd, header, 0x28);
else
write(ffd, header + 2, 0x20);
write(ffd, bk, lenk);
if (!JFFS2) JFFS2 = 0x20;
printf("Padding header+kernel - 0x%x + 0x%x = 0x%x\n",
lenk, ((lenk - 1 + JFFS2) / JFFS2) * JFFS2 - lenk,
((lenk - 1 + JFFS2) / JFFS2) * JFFS2);
for (i = 0; i < ((lenk - 1 + JFFS2) / JFFS2) * JFFS2 - lenk; i++)
write(ffd, header, 1);
if (fsname) {
write(ffd, bs, lens);
close(fsd);
}
close(ffd);
close(fkd);
return 0;
}
u32 crc32(uchar * buf, u32 len)
{
register int i;
u32 sum;
register u32 s0;
s0 = ~0;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
s0 = (s0 >> 8) ^ crctab[(uchar) (s0 & 0xFF) ^ buf[i]];
}
sum = ~s0;
return sum;
}
void usage(char *prog)
{
printf("Usage: %s [-b 0/1] image_filename \n", prog);
printf(" update checksums for firmware file\n");
printf
("Usage: %s [-b 0/1] [-j erasesize_in_kibytes] [-e] kernel filesystem image_filename \n",
prog);
printf(" generate firmware file and update checksums\n");
printf("--------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" -e - generate header for web upload\n");
printf(" -b 0/1 - clear/update bootloader checksum\n");
printf(" -j erasesize_in_kibytes - generate header for jffs2 filesystem\n");
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
uchar b[0x400];
char EHDR = 0;
char BHDR = 0;
int c, fd;
extern char *optarg;
extern int optind, optopt;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:ej:")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'b':
if (optarg[0] == '1')
BHDR = 1;
break;
case 'e':
EHDR = 1;
break;
case 'j':
sscanf(optarg, "%i", &JFFS2);
JFFS2 *= 1024;
break;
case '?':
fprintf(stderr, "\nError: unknown arg %c\n\n\n",
optopt);
usage(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
}
if (((argc - optind) < 1) && ((argc - optind) > 3)) {
usage(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
if ((argc - optind) == 3)
if (generate_image
(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1], argv[optind + 2],
EHDR)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\nError generating image file %s\n\n\n",
argv[argc - 1]);
usage(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
if ((argc - optind) == 2)
if (generate_image
(argv[optind], NULL, argv[optind + 1], EHDR)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\nError generating image file %s\n\n\n",
argv[argc - 1]);
usage(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
fd = open(argv[argc - 1], O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "\nImage file not found %s\n\n\n",
argv[argc - 1]);
usage(argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
long i, len = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
uchar *buf = malloc(len);
read(fd, buf, len);
u32 sum, l0;
u32 MagicS = 0x474d544b;
u32 MagicE = 0x4152524e;
if (ntohl(*((u32 *) buf)) == MagicS) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Image without extra 8 bytes - Standard header\n");
buf[0x10] = len & 0xff;
buf[0x11] = (len >> 8) & 0xff;
buf[0x12] = (len >> 16) & 0xff;
buf[0x13] = (len >> 24) & 0xff;
lseek(fd, 0x10, SEEK_SET);
write(fd, buf + 0x10, 0x4);
EHDR = 0;
} else if ((ntohl(*((u32 *) (buf + 0x8))) == MagicS)
&& ((ntohl(*((u32 *) (buf + 0x4))) == MagicE))) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Image with extra 8 bytes - Extended header\n");
*((u32 *) (buf + 0x18)) = len - 8;
buf[0x18] = (len - 8) & 0xff;
buf[0x19] = ((len - 8) >> 8) & 0xff;
buf[0x1a] = ((len - 8) >> 16) & 0xff;
buf[0x1b] = ((len - 8) >> 24) & 0xff;
lseek(fd, 0x18, SEEK_SET);
write(fd, buf + 0x18, 0x4);
buf += 8;
EHDR = 1;
} else if (len == buf[0x10] | ((u32)buf[0x11] << 8) | ((u32)buf[0x12] << 16) | ((u32)buf[0x13] << 24)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Image without extra 8 bytes - Standard header\n");
EHDR = 0;
} else if (len == (buf[0x18] | ((u32)buf[0x19] << 8) | ((u32)buf[0x1a] << 16) | ((u32)buf[0x1b] << 24)) + 8) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Image with extra 8 bytes - Extended header\n");
buf += 8;
EHDR = 1;
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Wrong image size\n");
exit(-1);
}
l0 = buf[0x10] | ((u32)buf[0x11] << 8) | ((u32)buf[0x12] << 16) | ((u32)buf[0x13] << 24);
if (!BHDR)
*((u32 *) & buf[0x18]) = 0;
unsigned long sum0 = buf[0x18] | ((u32)buf[0x19] << 8) | ((u32)buf[0x1a] << 16) | ((u32)buf[0x1b] << 24);
unsigned long sum1 = buf[0x4] | ((u32)buf[0x5] << 8) | ((u32)buf[0x6] << 16) | ((u32)buf[0x7] << 24);
*((u32 *) & buf[0x4]) = 0x0L;
memcpy(b, buf, 0x100);
memcpy(b + 0x100, buf + ((l0 >> 1) - ((l0 & 0x6) >> 1)), 0x100);
memcpy(b + 0x200, buf + (l0 - 0x200), 0x200);
*((u32 *) & b[0x18]) = 0x0L;
sum = crc32(b, 0x400);
printf("CRC32 sum0 - (%x, %x, %x)\n", sum, sum0, 0x400);
if (EHDR)
lseek(fd, 0x20, SEEK_SET);
else
lseek(fd, 0x18, SEEK_SET);
buf[0x18] = (BHDR ? sum : sum0) & 0xff;
buf[0x19] = ((BHDR ? sum : sum0) >> 8) & 0xff;
buf[0x1a] = ((BHDR ? sum : sum0) >> 16) & 0xff;
buf[0x1b] = ((BHDR ? sum : sum0) >> 24) & 0xff;
write(fd, &buf[0x18], 0x4);
sum = crc32(buf, l0);
printf("CRC32 sum1 - (%x, %x, %x)\n", sum, sum1, l0);
if (EHDR)
lseek(fd, 0xC, SEEK_SET);
else
lseek(fd, 0x4, SEEK_SET);
buf[0x4] = sum & 0xff;
buf[0x5] = (sum >> 8) & 0xff;
buf[0x6] = (sum >> 16) & 0xff;
buf[0x7] = (sum >> 24) & 0xff;
write(fd, &buf[0x4], 0x4);
if (EHDR) {
unsigned long sum2 = buf[-0x8] | ((u32)buf[-0x7] << 8) | ((u32)buf[-0x6] << 16) | ((u32)buf[-0x5] << 24);
*((u32 *) & buf[-0x8]) = 0L;
sum = crc32(buf - 0x4, len - 0x4);
printf("CRC32 sum2 - (%x, %x, %x)\n", sum, sum2,
len - 0x4);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
*((u32 *) & buf[-0x8]) = htonl(sum);
write(fd, &buf[-0x8], 0x4);
buf -= 8;
}
close(fd);
free(buf);
return 0;
}
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